で

で is used to show the place, means, method, or situation where an action happens.

🔹 Basic Meanings

• “at / in” (place of action)
• “by / with” (means or tool)
• “because of / due to” (cause or situation)

🔹 When to use で

• To show where an action takes place
• To show how something is done (tool or means)
• To show a reason or situation
• Very common in daily conversation (N5)

🔹 Simple Examples

学校で勉強します。
→ I study at school.

バスで行きます。
→ I go by bus.

日本語で話します。
→ I speak in Japanese.

病気で学校を休みました。
→ I missed school because of illness.

🔹 Difference (N5-friendly)

で shows the place of action, while に shows destination or existence.

⭐ The Grammar Summary

• で = “at / by / with / because of”
• Shows place, means, or cause of an action
• One of the most important particles in N5